diff --git a/gnomad/utils/annotations.py b/gnomad/utils/annotations.py
index e2fd30e0b..e71ed73a6 100644
--- a/gnomad/utils/annotations.py
+++ b/gnomad/utils/annotations.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 import hail as hl
 
+import gnomad.utils.filtering as filter_utils
 from gnomad.utils.gen_stats import to_phred
 
 logging.basicConfig(
@@ -1795,3 +1796,65 @@ def _agg_by_group(
     )
 
     return ht.drop("cols")
+
+
+def update_structured_annotations(
+    ht: hl.Table,
+    annotation_update_exprs: Dict[str, hl.Expression],
+    annotation_update_label: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> hl.Table:
+    """
+    Update highly structured annotations on a Table.
+
+    This function recursively updates annotations defined by `annotation_update_exprs`
+    and if `annotation_update_label` is supplied, it checks if the sample annotations
+    are different from the input and adds a flag to the Table, indicating which
+    annotations have been updated for each sample.
+
+    :param ht: Input Table with structured annotations to update.
+    :param annotation_update_exprs: Dictionary of annotations to update, structured as
+        they are structured on the input `ht`.
+    :param annotation_update_label: Optional string of the label to use for an
+        annotation indicating which annotations have been updated. Default is None, so
+        no annotation is added.
+    :return: Table with updated annotations and optionally a flag indicating which
+        annotations were changed.
+    """
+
+    def _update_struct(
+        struct_expr: hl.expr.StructExpression,
+        update_exprs: Union[Dict[str, hl.expr.Expression], hl.expr.Expression],
+    ) -> Tuple[Dict[str, hl.expr.BooleanExpression], Any]:
+        """
+        Update a StructExpression.
+
+        :param struct_expr: StructExpression to update.
+        :param update_exprs: Dictionary of annotations to update.
+        :return: Tuple of the updated annotations and the updated flag.
+        """
+        if isinstance(update_exprs, dict):
+            updated_struct_expr = {}
+            updated_flag_expr = {}
+            for ann, expr in update_exprs.items():
+                updated_flag, updated_ann = _update_struct(struct_expr[ann], expr)
+                updated_flag_expr.update(
+                    {ann + ("." + k if k else ""): v for k, v in updated_flag.items()}
+                )
+                updated_struct_expr[ann] = updated_ann
+            return updated_flag_expr, struct_expr.annotate(**updated_struct_expr)
+        else:
+            return {"": update_exprs != struct_expr}, update_exprs
+
+    annotation_update_flag, updated_rows = _update_struct(
+        ht.row_value, annotation_update_exprs
+    )
+    if annotation_update_label is not None:
+        updated_rows = updated_rows.annotate(
+            **{
+                annotation_update_label: filter_utils.add_filters_expr(
+                    filters=annotation_update_flag
+                )
+            }
+        )
+
+    return ht.annotate(**updated_rows)