[SPARK-20329][SQL] Make timezone aware expression without timezone unresolved

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
A cast expression with a resolved time zone is not equal to a cast expression without a resolved time zone. The `ResolveAggregateFunction` assumed that these expression were the same, and would fail to resolve `HAVING` clauses which contain a `Cast` expression.

This is in essence caused by the fact that a `TimeZoneAwareExpression` can be resolved without a set time zone. This PR fixes this, and makes a `TimeZoneAwareExpression` unresolved as long as it has no TimeZone set.

## How was this patch tested?
Added a regression test to the `SQLQueryTestSuite.having` file.

Author: Herman van Hovell <[email protected]>

Closes apache#17641 from hvanhovell/SPARK-20329.

Author: hvanhovell

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ class Analyzer(
       ResolveAggregateFunctions ::
       TimeWindowing ::
       ResolveInlineTables(conf) ::
+      ResolveTimeZone(conf) ::
       TypeCoercion.typeCoercionRules ++
       extendedResolutionRules : _*),
     Batch("Post-Hoc Resolution", Once, postHocResolutionRules: _*),
@@ -161,8 +162,6 @@ class Analyzer(
       HandleNullInputsForUDF),
     Batch("FixNullability", Once,
       FixNullability),
-    Batch("ResolveTimeZone", Once,
-      ResolveTimeZone),
     Batch("Subquery", Once,
       UpdateOuterReferences),
     Batch("Cleanup", fixedPoint,
@@ -2368,23 +2367,6 @@ class Analyzer(
       }
     }
   }
-
-  /**
-   * Replace [[TimeZoneAwareExpression]] without timezone id by its copy with session local
-   * time zone.
-   */
-  object ResolveTimeZone extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
-
-    override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan.resolveExpressions {
-      case e: TimeZoneAwareExpression if e.timeZoneId.isEmpty =>
-        e.withTimeZone(conf.sessionLocalTimeZone)
-      // Casts could be added in the subquery plan through the rule TypeCoercion while coercing
-      // the types between the value expression and list query expression of IN expression.
-      // We need to subject the subquery plan through ResolveTimeZone again to setup timezone
-      // information for time zone aware expressions.
-      case e: ListQuery => e.withNewPlan(apply(e.plan))
-    }
-  }
 }
 
 /**

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveInlineTables.scala

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
 import scala.util.control.NonFatal
 
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Cast, TimeZoneAwareExpression}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{LocalRelation, LogicalPlan}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{StructField, StructType}
 /**
  * An analyzer rule that replaces [[UnresolvedInlineTable]] with [[LocalRelation]].
  */
-case class ResolveInlineTables(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
+case class ResolveInlineTables(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] with CastSupport {
   override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan transformUp {
     case table: UnresolvedInlineTable if table.expressionsResolved =>
       validateInputDimension(table)
@@ -99,12 +98,9 @@ case class ResolveInlineTables(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
           val castedExpr = if (e.dataType.sameType(targetType)) {
             e
           } else {
-            Cast(e, targetType)
+            cast(e, targetType)
           }
-          castedExpr.transform {
-            case e: TimeZoneAwareExpression if e.timeZoneId.isEmpty =>
-              e.withTimeZone(conf.sessionLocalTimeZone)
-          }.eval()
+          castedExpr.eval()
         } catch {
           case NonFatal(ex) =>
             table.failAnalysis(s"failed to evaluate expression ${e.sql}: ${ex.getMessage}")

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/timeZoneAnalysis.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Cast, Expression, ListQuery, TimeZoneAwareExpression}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DataType
+
+/**
+ * Replace [[TimeZoneAwareExpression]] without timezone id by its copy with session local
+ * time zone.
+ */
+case class ResolveTimeZone(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
+  private val transformTimeZoneExprs: PartialFunction[Expression, Expression] = {
+    case e: TimeZoneAwareExpression if e.timeZoneId.isEmpty =>
+      e.withTimeZone(conf.sessionLocalTimeZone)
+    // Casts could be added in the subquery plan through the rule TypeCoercion while coercing
+    // the types between the value expression and list query expression of IN expression.
+    // We need to subject the subquery plan through ResolveTimeZone again to setup timezone
+    // information for time zone aware expressions.
+    case e: ListQuery => e.withNewPlan(apply(e.plan))
+  }
+
+  override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan =
+    plan.resolveExpressions(transformTimeZoneExprs)
+
+  def resolveTimeZones(e: Expression): Expression = e.transform(transformTimeZoneExprs)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mix-in trait for constructing valid [[Cast]] expressions.
+ */
+trait CastSupport {
+  /**
+   * Configuration used to create a valid cast expression.
+   */
+  def conf: SQLConf
+
+  /**
+   * Create a Cast expression with the session local time zone.
+   */
+  def cast(child: Expression, dataType: DataType): Cast = {
+    Cast(child, dataType, Option(conf.sessionLocalTimeZone))
+  }
+}

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/view.scala

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
  * This should be only done after the batch of Resolution, because the view attributes are not
  * completely resolved during the batch of Resolution.
  */
-case class AliasViewChild(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
+case class AliasViewChild(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] with CastSupport {
   override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan resolveOperators {
     case v @ View(desc, output, child) if child.resolved && output != child.output =>
       val resolver = conf.resolver
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ case class AliasViewChild(conf: SQLConf) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
             throw new AnalysisException(s"Cannot up cast ${originAttr.sql} from " +
               s"${originAttr.dataType.simpleString} to ${attr.simpleString} as it may truncate\n")
           } else {
-            Alias(Cast(originAttr, attr.dataType), attr.name)(exprId = attr.exprId,
+            Alias(cast(originAttr, attr.dataType), attr.name)(exprId = attr.exprId,
               qualifier = attr.qualifier, explicitMetadata = Some(attr.metadata))
           }
         case (_, originAttr) => originAttr

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/datetimeExpressions.scala

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import java.util.{Calendar, TimeZone}
 import scala.util.control.NonFatal
 
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.TypeCheckResult
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.codegen.{CodegenContext, CodegenFallback, ExprCode}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.DateTimeUtils
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
@@ -34,6 +33,9 @@ import org.apache.spark.unsafe.types.{CalendarInterval, UTF8String}
  * Common base class for time zone aware expressions.
  */
 trait TimeZoneAwareExpression extends Expression {
+  /** The expression is only resolved when the time zone has been set. */
+  override lazy val resolved: Boolean =
+    childrenResolved && checkInputDataTypes().isSuccess && timeZoneId.isDefined
 
   /** the timezone ID to be used to evaluate value. */
   def timeZoneId: Option[String]

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveInlineTablesSuite.scala

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import org.scalatest.BeforeAndAfter
 import org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Cast, Literal, Rand}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.aggregate.Count
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LocalRelation
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{LongType, NullType, TimestampType}
 
 /**
@@ -91,12 +92,13 @@ class ResolveInlineTablesSuite extends AnalysisTest with BeforeAndAfter {
   test("convert TimeZoneAwareExpression") {
     val table = UnresolvedInlineTable(Seq("c1"),
       Seq(Seq(Cast(lit("1991-12-06 00:00:00.0"), TimestampType))))
-    val converted = ResolveInlineTables(conf).convert(table)
+    val withTimeZone = ResolveTimeZone(conf).apply(table)
+    val LocalRelation(output, data) = ResolveInlineTables(conf).apply(withTimeZone)
     val correct = Cast(lit("1991-12-06 00:00:00.0"), TimestampType)
       .withTimeZone(conf.sessionLocalTimeZone).eval().asInstanceOf[Long]
-    assert(converted.output.map(_.dataType) == Seq(TimestampType))
-    assert(converted.data.size == 1)
-    assert(converted.data(0).getLong(0) == correct)
+    assert(output.map(_.dataType) == Seq(TimestampType))
+    assert(data.size == 1)
+    assert(data.head.getLong(0) == correct)
   }
 
   test("nullability inference in convert") {

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/TypeCoercionSuite.scala

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.PlanTest
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.{Rule, RuleExecutor}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 import org.apache.spark.unsafe.types.CalendarInterval
 
@@ -787,6 +788,12 @@ class TypeCoercionSuite extends PlanTest {
     }
   }
 
+  private val timeZoneResolver = ResolveTimeZone(new SQLConf)
+
+  private def widenSetOperationTypes(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
+    timeZoneResolver(TypeCoercion.WidenSetOperationTypes(plan))
+  }
+
   test("WidenSetOperationTypes for except and intersect") {
     val firstTable = LocalRelation(
       AttributeReference("i", IntegerType)(),
@@ -799,11 +806,10 @@ class TypeCoercionSuite extends PlanTest {
       AttributeReference("f", FloatType)(),
       AttributeReference("l", LongType)())
 
-    val wt = TypeCoercion.WidenSetOperationTypes
     val expectedTypes = Seq(StringType, DecimalType.SYSTEM_DEFAULT, FloatType, DoubleType)
 
-    val r1 = wt(Except(firstTable, secondTable)).asInstanceOf[Except]
-    val r2 = wt(Intersect(firstTable, secondTable)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
+    val r1 = widenSetOperationTypes(Except(firstTable, secondTable)).asInstanceOf[Except]
+    val r2 = widenSetOperationTypes(Intersect(firstTable, secondTable)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
     checkOutput(r1.left, expectedTypes)
     checkOutput(r1.right, expectedTypes)
     checkOutput(r2.left, expectedTypes)
@@ -838,10 +844,9 @@ class TypeCoercionSuite extends PlanTest {
       AttributeReference("p", ByteType)(),
       AttributeReference("q", DoubleType)())
 
-    val wt = TypeCoercion.WidenSetOperationTypes
     val expectedTypes = Seq(StringType, DecimalType.SYSTEM_DEFAULT, FloatType, DoubleType)
 
-    val unionRelation = wt(
+    val unionRelation = widenSetOperationTypes(
       Union(firstTable :: secondTable :: thirdTable :: forthTable :: Nil)).asInstanceOf[Union]
     assert(unionRelation.children.length == 4)
     checkOutput(unionRelation.children.head, expectedTypes)
@@ -862,17 +867,15 @@ class TypeCoercionSuite extends PlanTest {
       }
     }
 
-    val dp = TypeCoercion.WidenSetOperationTypes
-
     val left1 = LocalRelation(
       AttributeReference("l", DecimalType(10, 8))())
     val right1 = LocalRelation(
       AttributeReference("r", DecimalType(5, 5))())
     val expectedType1 = Seq(DecimalType(10, 8))
 
-    val r1 = dp(Union(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Union]
-    val r2 = dp(Except(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Except]
-    val r3 = dp(Intersect(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
+    val r1 = widenSetOperationTypes(Union(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Union]
+    val r2 = widenSetOperationTypes(Except(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Except]
+    val r3 = widenSetOperationTypes(Intersect(left1, right1)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
 
     checkOutput(r1.children.head, expectedType1)
     checkOutput(r1.children.last, expectedType1)
@@ -891,17 +894,17 @@ class TypeCoercionSuite extends PlanTest {
       val plan2 = LocalRelation(
         AttributeReference("r", rType)())
 
-      val r1 = dp(Union(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Union]
-      val r2 = dp(Except(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Except]
-      val r3 = dp(Intersect(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
+      val r1 = widenSetOperationTypes(Union(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Union]
+      val r2 = widenSetOperationTypes(Except(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Except]
+      val r3 = widenSetOperationTypes(Intersect(plan1, plan2)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
 
       checkOutput(r1.children.last, Seq(expectedType))
       checkOutput(r2.right, Seq(expectedType))
       checkOutput(r3.right, Seq(expectedType))
 
-      val r4 = dp(Union(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Union]
-      val r5 = dp(Except(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Except]
-      val r6 = dp(Intersect(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
+      val r4 = widenSetOperationTypes(Union(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Union]
+      val r5 = widenSetOperationTypes(Except(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Except]
+      val r6 = widenSetOperationTypes(Intersect(plan2, plan1)).asInstanceOf[Intersect]
 
       checkOutput(r4.children.last, Seq(expectedType))
       checkOutput(r5.left, Seq(expectedType))

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/CastSuite.scala

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.unsafe.types.UTF8String
  */
 class CastSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
 
-  private def cast(v: Any, targetType: DataType, timeZoneId: Option[String] = None): Cast = {
+  private def cast(v: Any, targetType: DataType, timeZoneId: Option[String] = Some("GMT")): Cast = {
     v match {
       case lit: Expression => Cast(lit, targetType, timeZoneId)
       case _ => Cast(Literal(v), targetType, timeZoneId)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class CastSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
   }
 
   private def checkNullCast(from: DataType, to: DataType): Unit = {
-    checkEvaluation(cast(Literal.create(null, from), to, Option("GMT")), null)
+    checkEvaluation(cast(Literal.create(null, from), to), null)
   }
 
   test("null cast") {

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/DateExpressionsSuite.scala

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class DateExpressionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
 
   test("Seconds") {
     assert(Second(Literal.create(null, DateType), gmtId).resolved === false)
-    assert(Second(Cast(Literal(d), TimestampType), None).resolved === true)
+    assert(Second(Cast(Literal(d), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId).resolved === true)
     checkEvaluation(Second(Cast(Literal(d), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 0)
     checkEvaluation(Second(Cast(Literal(sdf.format(d)), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 15)
     checkEvaluation(Second(Literal(ts), gmtId), 15)
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ class DateExpressionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
 
   test("Hour") {
     assert(Hour(Literal.create(null, DateType), gmtId).resolved === false)
-    assert(Hour(Literal(ts), None).resolved === true)
+    assert(Hour(Literal(ts), gmtId).resolved === true)
     checkEvaluation(Hour(Cast(Literal(d), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 0)
     checkEvaluation(Hour(Cast(Literal(sdf.format(d)), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 13)
     checkEvaluation(Hour(Literal(ts), gmtId), 13)
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ class DateExpressionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
 
   test("Minute") {
     assert(Minute(Literal.create(null, DateType), gmtId).resolved === false)
-    assert(Minute(Literal(ts), None).resolved === true)
+    assert(Minute(Literal(ts), gmtId).resolved === true)
     checkEvaluation(Minute(Cast(Literal(d), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 0)
     checkEvaluation(
       Minute(Cast(Literal(sdf.format(d)), TimestampType, gmtId), gmtId), 10)

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/ExpressionEvalHelper.scala

@@ -25,10 +25,12 @@ import org.scalatest.prop.GeneratorDrivenPropertyChecks
 import org.apache.spark.{SparkConf, SparkFunSuite}
 import org.apache.spark.serializer.JavaSerializer
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.{CatalystTypeConverters, InternalRow}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.ResolveTimeZone
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.codegen._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.SimpleTestOptimizer
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{OneRowRelation, Project}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.{ArrayBasedMapData, ArrayData, GenericArrayData, MapData}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.{ArrayData, MapData}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 import org.apache.spark.util.Utils
 
@@ -45,7 +47,8 @@ trait ExpressionEvalHelper extends GeneratorDrivenPropertyChecks {
   protected def checkEvaluation(
       expression: => Expression, expected: Any, inputRow: InternalRow = EmptyRow): Unit = {
     val serializer = new JavaSerializer(new SparkConf()).newInstance
-    val expr: Expression = serializer.deserialize(serializer.serialize(expression))
+    val resolver = ResolveTimeZone(new SQLConf)
+    val expr = resolver.resolveTimeZones(serializer.deserialize(serializer.serialize(expression)))
     val catalystValue = CatalystTypeConverters.convertToCatalyst(expected)
     checkEvaluationWithoutCodegen(expr, catalystValue, inputRow)
     checkEvaluationWithGeneratedMutableProjection(expr, catalystValue, inputRow)