diff --git a/.github/workflows/deptry.yml b/.github/workflows/deptry.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8af0fdffa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/deptry.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: deptry
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+
+jobs:
+  deptry:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: bash -leo pipefail {0}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: mamba-org/setup-micromamba@v1
+        with:
+          micromamba-version: "latest" # any version from https://github.com/mamba-org/micromamba-releases
+          environment-file: environment.yml
+          init-shell: bash
+          cache-environment: true
+          post-cleanup: "all"
+      - name: Install pytensor and deptry dependencies
+        run: |
+          pip install -e .
+          pip install deptry
+          python --version
+          deptry --version
+        shell: micromamba-shell {0}
+      - name: Run deptry
+        run: |
+          deptry .
+        shell: micromamba-shell {0}
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index dfe862b868..9fe1b54a8b 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ core
 /htmlcov/
 
 pytensor-venv/
+venv
 /notebooks/Sandbox*
 .vscode/
 testing-report.html
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 31f0e1bb24..9a785a8aa3 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -182,3 +182,67 @@ test-skip = ["cp37*", "*musllinux*", "*win32*", "*i686*"]
 # Testing seems to be running into issues locating libs where expected
 # test-requires = ["pytest", "numba", "jax", "jaxlib"]
 # test-command = "pytest {package}/tests"
+
+[tool.deptry]
+pep621_dev_dependency_groups = ["development", "tests", "rtd"]
+extend_exclude = ["doc", "conftest.py", "versioneer.py", "scripts"]
+
+[tool.deptry.per_rule_ignores]
+# DEP001: Python modules that are imported within a project, for which no
+# corresponding packages are found in the dependencies.
+DEP001=[
+    # Available debuggers are automatically detected, and the first available
+    # is used in the following order: `pudb`, `ipdb`, or `pdb` (stdlib).
+    "pudb",
+    "ipdb",
+
+    # The `mkl` library is used for BLAS when available.
+    "mkl",
+
+    # 'cutils_ext' and 'lazylinker_ext' are dynamically generated code by the C backend.
+    "cutils_ext",
+    "lazylinker_ext",
+
+    # 'numpyro' is an optional backend.
+    "numpyro",
+
+    # 'llvmlite' is only required for the 'numba' backend.
+    "llvmlite",
+
+    # 'tensorflow_probability' provides JAX implementations for some ops.
+    "tensorflow_probability",
+
+    # The 'distutils' import is slated for removal in
+    # <https://github.com/pymc-devs/pytensor/pull/812>
+    "distutils",
+]
+
+# DEP002: Dependencies that are required in a project, but are not used within the
+# codebase.
+DEP002=[
+    # 'jaxlib' is required in the 'jax' group.
+    # jaxlib is the support library for JAX. While JAX itself is a pure Python package,
+    # jaxlib contains the binary (C/C++) parts of the library, including Python
+    # bindings, the XLA compiler, the PJRT runtime, and a handful of handwritten
+    # kernels.
+    "jaxlib",
+]
+
+# DEP004: Dependencies specified as development ones that should be included as
+# regular dependencies.
+DEP004=[
+    # 'pydot' is a Python interface to Graphviz's Dot language, used by d3viz.
+    # See <https://github.com/pymc-devs/pytensor/issues/333>.
+    "pydot",
+
+    # pydot-ng is slated for removal in <https://github.com/pymc-devs/pytensor/pull/341>
+    "pydot_ng",
+]
+
+[tool.deptry.package_module_name_map]
+pydot2 = "pydot2"
+pydot-ng = "pydot_ng"
+jax = "jax"
+jaxlib = "jaxlib"
+numba = "numba"
+llvmlite = "llvmlite"