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myftija
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nicktrn
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feat(webapp): rate limit magic-link login attempts (#2568)
* feat(webapp): rate limit magic-link login attempts Adds a simple rate limiter to the login with magic link flow. Similar implementation to the MFA rate limits. * Fix error message * Add an env var feature flags for login rate limiting * Use BoolEnv instead of `0`/`1` * Parse xff properly
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-20
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3 files changed

+199
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lines changed

‎apps/webapp/app/env.server.ts‎

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@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ const EnvironmentSchema = z
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ADMIN_EMAILS: z.string().refine(isValidRegex, "ADMIN_EMAILS must be a valid regex.").optional(),
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REMIX_APP_PORT: z.string().optional(),
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LOGIN_ORIGIN: z.string().default("http://localhost:3030"),
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LOGIN_RATE_LIMITS_ENABLED: BoolEnv.default(true),
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APP_ORIGIN: z.string().default("http://localhost:3030"),
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API_ORIGIN: z.string().optional(),
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STREAM_ORIGIN: z.string().optional(),

‎apps/webapp/app/routes/login.magic/route.tsx‎

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@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
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import { ArrowLeftIcon, EnvelopeIcon } from "@heroicons/react/20/solid";
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import { InboxArrowDownIcon } from "@heroicons/react/24/solid";
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import type { ActionFunctionArgs, LoaderFunctionArgs, MetaFunction } from "@remix-run/node";
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import { redirect } from "@remix-run/node";
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import {
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redirect,
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type ActionFunctionArgs,
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type LoaderFunctionArgs,
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type MetaFunction,
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} from "@remix-run/node";
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import { Form, useNavigation } from "@remix-run/react";
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import { typedjson, useTypedLoaderData } from "remix-typedjson";
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import { z } from "zod";
@@ -18,6 +22,14 @@ import { Spinner } from "~/components/primitives/Spinner";
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import { TextLink } from "~/components/primitives/TextLink";
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import { authenticator } from "~/services/auth.server";
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import { commitSession, getUserSession } from "~/services/sessionStorage.server";
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import {
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checkMagicLinkEmailRateLimit,
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checkMagicLinkEmailDailyRateLimit,
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MagicLinkRateLimitError,
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checkMagicLinkIpRateLimit,
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} from "~/services/magicLinkRateLimiter.server";
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import { logger, tryCatch } from "@trigger.dev/core/v3";
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import { env } from "~/env.server";
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export const meta: MetaFunction = ({ matches }) => {
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const parentMeta = matches
@@ -71,29 +83,99 @@ export async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {
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const payload = Object.fromEntries(await clonedRequest.formData());
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const { action } = z
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.object({
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action: z.enum(["send", "reset"]),
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})
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const data = z
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.discriminatedUnion("action", [
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z.object({
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action: z.literal("send"),
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email: z.string().trim().toLowerCase(),
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}),
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z.object({
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action: z.literal("reset"),
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}),
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])
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.parse(payload);
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if (action === "send") {
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return authenticator.authenticate("email-link", request, {
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successRedirect: "/login/magic",
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failureRedirect: "/login/magic",
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});
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} else {
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const session = await getUserSession(request);
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session.unset("triggerdotdev:magiclink");
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return redirect("/login/magic", {
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headers: {
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"Set-Cookie": await commitSession(session),
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},
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});
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switch (data.action) {
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case "send": {
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if (!env.LOGIN_RATE_LIMITS_ENABLED) {
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return authenticator.authenticate("email-link", request, {
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successRedirect: "/login/magic",
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failureRedirect: "/login/magic",
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});
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}
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const { email } = data;
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const xff = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for");
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const clientIp = extractClientIp(xff);
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const [error] = await tryCatch(
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Promise.all([
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clientIp ? checkMagicLinkIpRateLimit(clientIp) : Promise.resolve(),
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checkMagicLinkEmailRateLimit(email),
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checkMagicLinkEmailDailyRateLimit(email),
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])
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);
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if (error) {
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if (error instanceof MagicLinkRateLimitError) {
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logger.warn("Login magic link rate limit exceeded", {
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clientIp,
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email,
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error,
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});
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} else {
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logger.error("Failed sending login magic link", {
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clientIp,
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email,
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error,
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});
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}
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const errorMessage =
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error instanceof MagicLinkRateLimitError
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? "Too many magic link requests. Please try again shortly."
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: "Failed sending magic link. Please try again shortly.";
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const session = await getUserSession(request);
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session.set("auth:error", {
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message: errorMessage,
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});
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return redirect("/login/magic", {
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headers: {
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"Set-Cookie": await commitSession(session),
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},
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});
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}
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return authenticator.authenticate("email-link", request, {
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successRedirect: "/login/magic",
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failureRedirect: "/login/magic",
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});
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}
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case "reset":
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default: {
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data.action satisfies "reset";
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const session = await getUserSession(request);
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session.unset("triggerdotdev:magiclink");
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return redirect("/login/magic", {
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headers: {
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"Set-Cookie": await commitSession(session),
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},
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});
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}
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}
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}
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const extractClientIp = (xff: string | null) => {
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if (!xff) return null;
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const parts = xff.split(",").map((p) => p.trim());
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return parts[parts.length - 1]; // take last item, ALB appends the real client IP by default
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};
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export default function LoginMagicLinkPage() {
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const { magicLinkSent, magicLinkError } = useTypedLoaderData<typeof loader>();
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const navigate = useNavigation();

‎apps/webapp/app/services/magicLinkRateLimiter.server.ts‎

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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
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import { Ratelimit } from "@upstash/ratelimit";
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import { env } from "~/env.server";
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import { createRedisRateLimitClient, RateLimiter } from "~/services/rateLimiter.server";
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import { singleton } from "~/utils/singleton";
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export class MagicLinkRateLimitError extends Error {
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public readonly retryAfter: number;
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constructor(retryAfter: number) {
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super("Magic link request rate limit exceeded.");
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this.retryAfter = retryAfter;
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}
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}
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function getRedisClient() {
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return createRedisRateLimitClient({
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port: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_PORT,
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host: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_HOST,
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username: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_USERNAME,
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password: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_PASSWORD,
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tlsDisabled: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_TLS_DISABLED === "true",
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clusterMode: env.RATE_LIMIT_REDIS_CLUSTER_MODE_ENABLED === "1",
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});
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}
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const magicLinkEmailRateLimiter = singleton(
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"magicLinkEmailRateLimiter",
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initializeMagicLinkEmailRateLimiter
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);
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function initializeMagicLinkEmailRateLimiter() {
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return new RateLimiter({
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redisClient: getRedisClient(),
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keyPrefix: "auth:magiclink:email",
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limiter: Ratelimit.slidingWindow(3, "1 m"), // 3 requests per minute per email
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logSuccess: false,
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logFailure: true,
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});
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}
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const magicLinkEmailDailyRateLimiter = singleton(
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"magicLinkEmailDailyRateLimiter",
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initializeMagicLinkEmailDailyRateLimiter
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);
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function initializeMagicLinkEmailDailyRateLimiter() {
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return new RateLimiter({
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redisClient: getRedisClient(),
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keyPrefix: "auth:magiclink:email:daily",
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limiter: Ratelimit.slidingWindow(30, "1 d"), // 30 requests per day per email
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logSuccess: false,
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logFailure: true,
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});
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}
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const magicLinkIpRateLimiter = singleton(
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"magicLinkIpRateLimiter",
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initializeMagicLinkIpRateLimiter
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);
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61+
function initializeMagicLinkIpRateLimiter() {
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return new RateLimiter({
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redisClient: getRedisClient(),
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keyPrefix: "auth:magiclink:ip",
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limiter: Ratelimit.slidingWindow(10, "1 m"), // 10 requests per minute per IP
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logSuccess: false,
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logFailure: true,
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});
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}
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71+
export async function checkMagicLinkEmailRateLimit(identifier: string): Promise<void> {
72+
const result = await magicLinkEmailRateLimiter.limit(identifier);
73+
74+
if (!result.success) {
75+
const retryAfter = new Date(result.reset).getTime() - Date.now();
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throw new MagicLinkRateLimitError(retryAfter);
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}
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}
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80+
export async function checkMagicLinkEmailDailyRateLimit(identifier: string): Promise<void> {
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const result = await magicLinkEmailDailyRateLimiter.limit(identifier);
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if (!result.success) {
84+
const retryAfter = new Date(result.reset).getTime() - Date.now();
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throw new MagicLinkRateLimitError(retryAfter);
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}
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}
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89+
export async function checkMagicLinkIpRateLimit(ip: string): Promise<void> {
90+
const result = await magicLinkIpRateLimiter.limit(ip);
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92+
if (!result.success) {
93+
const retryAfter = new Date(result.reset).getTime() - Date.now();
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throw new MagicLinkRateLimitError(retryAfter);
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}
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}

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