In #1758 I added a PYO3_CONFIG_FILE environment variable which can be used to provide custom configuration for PyO3's build script.
I wanted to let this be "undocumented" in 0.14.2 so that we can have some time to learn about it before making it a stable documented feature. For 0.15, it would be nice to commit to a design and document it, as I think it can be useful for users (especially when cross-compiling).
(See #1758 (comment) for previous discussion.)