Modules, Functions and Classes

Key Differences from Python and C

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• array<char> is used instead of string
• To comment, you use # instead of //
• A main() function needs to be defined
• To make a new class instance, you need to use the new keyword. An example is: michael = new person("Michael", 17)
• You do not have to type ; at the end of each line

REMINDER: Indentation and letter casing matters in NHP

Modules

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To create modules, you use the mod keyword.

Importing modules from other files:

To import modules, you do include "directory/file_name.nhp"

Calling functions in modules

To call functions contained in modules, you do module_name::func()

Classes

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To create classes in NHP, you would do the following: class example_class: Annotating type properties is still needed

Classes are for the most part like Python classes. As a result, you still need def __init__ when initiating attributes for an class instance.

Functions

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To create functions in NHP, you would do the following: def func_name() type:

The type keyword defines return type. If you want a value to be return, define type. Else, the function will return nothing.

Parameters

Parameters require you specify the type that will be used by the parameter.

Example: def test_func(int numberToTakeIn) int:

Examples

Example 1: Uses both modules and functions. This example demonstrates the calculation of the Fibonacci Sequence and of a factorial by using two functions nested in a module called "recursion".

include "io.nhp"

mod recursion:
	def fib(int n) int:
		return 1 if n <= 1 else fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
	
	def fact(int n) int:
		return 1 if n == 0 else n * fact(n - 1)

def main():
	#io::print(recursion::fib(35))
	io::print(recursion::fact(0-1))

Example 2: Uses modules, classes, and functions.

mod myproject:
	class person:
		array<char> name
		int age
		
		def __init__(array<char> name, int age):
			self.name = name
			self.age = age
			def myClosure() int:
				return self.age
	
	def main():
		michael = new person("Michael", 17)
	
	class list<T>:
		array<T> buffer
		
		def __init__(int size, T default):
			self.buffer = new T[size](default)

def fib(int n) int:
	return (n <= 1) if 1 else fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)

def main():
	myproject::main()
	myList = new myproject::list<int>(10, 5)