[SPARK-40762][SQL][TESTS] Check error classes in ErrorParserSuite

[MaxGekk]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

In the PR, I propose to use checkError() to check the error class, message parameters and the query context. After the PR #37916, all parsing exceptions should have an error class.

Why are the changes needed?

1. Checking of the error classes plus the query context improves the test coverage.
2. Eliminating the dependency of error messages. So, tech editors will be able to modify error-classes.json w/o fixing the test suite.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

No.

How was this patch tested?

By running the modified test suite:

$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *ErrorParserSuite"

[MaxGekk]

@cloud-fan @HyukjinKwon @gengliangwang @srielau @anchovYu @entong We have already migrated all parsing and compilation errors onto error classes but some of test suites don't use checkError, and they check error message using custom helper methods. I would propose to consider this PR as a reference impl. So, after it is merged, I am going to open more JIRAs to migrate rest test suites on checkError(). In this way, we won't depend on error messages in tests.

[MaxGekk]

Merging to master. Thank you, @cloud-fan for review.