Add error wrapping to provide better error context for debugging

[deepgolani4]

Improve error handling in Go bindings by wrapping FoundationDB errors with descriptive context using fmt.Errorf. This change makes error messages more informative and easier to debug by providing better context for transaction, database, and future operations.

Testing: Verified error handling improvements across all modified files.

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[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-clang-ide on Linux RHEL 9

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:32:17
• Result: ✅ SUCCEEDED
• Error: N/A
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-macos-m1 on macOS Ventura 13.x

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:34:29
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -i ${HOME}/.ssh_key ec2-user@${MAC_EC2_HOST} /opt/homebrew/bin/bash --login -c ./build_pr_macos.sh. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-clang on Linux RHEL 9

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:41:02
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ninja -v -C build_output -j ${NPROC} all packages strip_targets. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-cluster-tests on Linux RHEL 9

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:41:31
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ninja -v -C build_output -j ${NPROC} all packages strip_targets. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)
• Cluster Test Logs zip file of the test logs (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr on Linux RHEL 9

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:41:35
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ninja -v -C build_output -j ${NPROC} all packages strip_targets. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-clang-arm on Linux CentOS 7

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:45:16
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ninja -v -C build_output -j ${NPROC} all packages strip_targets. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)

[foundationdb-ci]

Result of foundationdb-pr-macos on macOS Ventura 13.x

• Commit ID: 0e76d56
• Duration 0:57:14
• Result: ❌ FAILED
• Error: Error while executing command: ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -i ${HOME}/.ssh_key ec2-user@${MAC_EC2_HOST} /usr/local/bin/bash --login -c ./build_pr_macos.sh. Reason: exit status 1
• Build Log terminal output (available for 30 days)
• Build Workspace zip file of the working directory (available for 30 days)