[release/9.5] Update retry in Kusto emulator actions to handle any non-permanent error

[github-actions]

Backport of #11752 to release/9.5

/cc @eerhardt @MattKotsenas

Customer Impact

Customers have reported the resilience pipeline used to create the Kusto databases had two shortcomings:

1. Only handled the throttle exception
2. Relatively long delay before retry

This fixes both shortcomings.

Testing

Existing tests in the repo plus new tests.

Risk

Low as this only affects the Kusto integration, which is new in 9.5.

Regression?

No

[github-actions]

🚀 Dogfood this PR with:

⚠️ WARNING: Do not do this without first carefully reviewing the code of this PR to satisfy yourself it is safe.

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dotnet/aspire/main/eng/scripts/get-aspire-cli-pr.sh | bash -s -- 11779

Or

• Run remotely in PowerShell:

iex "& { $(irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dotnet/aspire/main/eng/scripts/get-aspire-cli-pr.ps1) } 11779"

[joperezr]

Scoped change, fixing a new integration, low risk. Approved