If you investigate the extracted LLVM dirs in .espressif/tools, you'll notice that LLVM 14 doesn't have a bin/ dir anymore.
cd ~/.espressif/tools
❯ ls xtensa-esp32-elf-clang/esp-13.0.0-20211203-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
bin/ include/ lib/ libexec/ share/ xtensa-esp32-elf/
~/.espressif/tools
❯ ls xtensa-esp32-elf-clang/esp-14.0.0-20220415-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib
clang/ libclang.so@ libclang.so.13@ libclang.so.14.0.0*
As we can see, what was once the LLVM dir is now merely the contents of the former lib/ dir. However, the path to the now non-existent bin/ is still being exported.
Not sure what the right way to fix this is. Stop exporting the PATH to clang's bin? Download a different LLVM release?